Outline of German expressions in English. The following outline is presented as an overview of and topical guide to German expressions in English: A German expression in English is a German loanword, term, phrase, or quotation incorporated into the English language. A loanword is a word borrowed from a donor language and incorporated into a recipient language without translation. It is distinguished from a calque, or loan translation, where a meaning or idiom from another language is translated into existing words or roots of the host language. Some of the expressions are relatively common (e. In many cases the loanword has assumed a meaning substantially different from its German forebear. English and German both are West Germanic languages, though their relationship has been obscured by the lexical influence of Old Norse and Norman French (as a consequence of the Norman conquest of England in 1.
English as well as the High German consonant shift. In recent years, however, many English words have been borrowed directly from German.
Typically, English spellings of German loanwords suppress any umlauts (the superscript, double- dot diacritic in . Frau, Reich. As languages, English and German descend from the common ancestor language West Germanic and further back to Proto- Germanic; because of this, some English words are essentially identical to their German lexical counterparts, either in spelling (Hand, Sand, Finger) or pronunciation (fish = Fisch, mouse = Maus), or both (Arm, Ring); these are excluded from this list. German common nouns adopted into English are in general not initially capitalised, and the .
Das Lied von der Erde (The Song of the Earth), A Symphony for Tenor and Contralto (or Baritone) and Orchestra, after Hans Bethge’s The Chinese Flute. A history of the Sturmabteilung (SA) that includes includes images, quotations and the main facts of his life. GCSE Modern World History - Nazi Germany. Der Sturm - Life On The Line, Ein Film von David Hackl mit John Travolta, Kate Bosworth.
Terebess Asia Online (TAO) Index Home. Heidi Klum (pronounced
Some, such as wurst and pumpernickel, retain German connotations, while others, such as lager and hamburger, retain none. Not every word is recognizable outside its relevant context. A number of these expressions are used in American English, under the influence of German immigration, but not in British English. Food and drink. Apfelstrudel, milk- cream strudel), a filled pastry. Wiener, hot dog (from Wiener W. It is a team defensive play in American or Canadian football in which the defense sends more players than the offense can block. The term Blitzkrieg was originally used in Nazi Germany during World War 2, describing a dedicated kind of fast and ferocious attack.
Foosball, probably from the German word for table football, Tischfu. The German word can also mean a Carbine firearm. Kutte (literally frock or cowl), a type of vest made out of denim or leather and traditionally worn by bikers, metalheads and punks; in German the word also refers to the clothes of monks. English)Schuss, literally: shot (ski) down a slope at high speed; German term: Schussfahrt, as Schuss alone typically means Shot (. Infobahn, after Autobahn. Bl. However, in English the connotation is that of a ghostly apparition of a duplicate living person.
Dreck, literally dirt or smut, but now meaning trashy, awful (through Yiddish, OED s. Dummkopf, literally stupid head; a stupid, ignorant person, similar to numbskull in Englisherlaubt, allowed, granted - opposite of verboten. Ersatz, replacement; usually implying an artificial and inferior substitute or imitation. The German word has a neutral connotation, e. Ersatzrad simply means . The German word has a neutral connotation. Kaffeeklatsch, literally coffee gossip; afternoon meeting where people (usually referring to women, particularly Hausfrauen) chitchat while drinking coffee or tea and having cake.
German spelling: kaputt), out- of- order, broken, dead. Kindergarten, literally children's garden; day- care centre, playschool, preschool. Kitsch, cheap, sentimental, gaudy items of popular culture. Kraft as in kraft paper the strong paper used to make sacks; Kraft in German just means strength or power.
Kraut, literally cabbage; derogatory term for a German. Lebensraum, literally living space; conquered territory, now exclusively associated with the Nazi Party in that historical context. Lederhosen (short leather pants for men and boys, often worn with suspenders)Meister, master, also as a suffix: . A voluble line of often extravagant talk : pitch. Spitz, a breed of dog. S. Ursprache, Urtextverboten, prohibited, forbidden, banned.
In both English and German. In German, the term W. Mallory for his model of cultural diffusion. Landflucht. Landnahme. Nordpolitik. Ostflucht. Ostpolitik. Ostalgie (nostalgia for the former Eastern Bloc, specifically for the GDR)Quellenforschung, .
For the climbing hardware, see carabiner above. Kriegsspiel, in English also written Kriegspiel, war game (different meanings)Luftwaffe, air force (since WW II, with East Germany and the earlier German Empire using the term Luftstreitkr. Indicating marital state, with Frau . Regardless of marital status, a woman is now commonly referred to as Frau, because from 1.
Fr. It was bastardized as . Sein eigener Herr sein: to be his own master). Derived from the adjective hehr, meaning . Kennedy. Leitmotif (German spelling: Leitmotiv) Any sort of recurring theme, whether in music, literature, or the life of a fictional character or a real person. Meister ! It is the imperative form of the German verbherauskommen (coming out (of a room/house/etc.) as in the imperative . In titles as part of a compound noun, for example .
To some English speakers, Reich strongly connotes Nazism and is sometimes used to suggest Fascism or authoritarianism, e. It is often equated to ! But also used to describe the lack of motivation (for example to quit a bad habit) Den inneren Schweinehund bek. On rare occasions an author will quote the original German as a sign of erudition. Muss es sein? Was ist der Mensch?: ?
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